{ "name": "US State Med Spa Compliance Map", "version": "1.0.1", "revised": "2026-09-10", "publisher": "Eventide Aesthetics & Wellness", "url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map", "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "license_name": "CC BY 4.0", "attribution": "Eventide Aesthetics & Wellness, https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map", "coverage": { "spatial": "United States", "states": 50 }, "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "generated_from": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map", "methodology": [ "Each row was read from the primary document linked in its _source field (a state medical board, board of nursing, statute, or the AANP practice-environment classification) and summarised without inference.", "Where a rule could not be confirmed from a primary document, the _source field is empty and the rule text is still published. It is never inferred from a neighbouring state.", "Classifications (np_authority, ownership_posture) are the map's own assessment from those sources, not a state's self-description.", "This is a reference summary for licensed providers, not legal advice, and board policy rather than statute often decides a staffing model. Confirm against the board before relying on a row." ], "known_gaps": { "rows_without_a_primary_source": 12, "note": "Published as empty _source cells rather than omitted. See methodology.", "ownership_rows_on_secondary_sources": 27, "ownership_note": "The corporate-practice-of-medicine column is the weakest in the file. 27 of 50 ownership_source values point at commercial compliance guides rather than a statute or a board document, because several states have no primary CPOM instrument to cite: the doctrine is built from case law and board opinion. Treat ownership_rule as a pointer for your attorney, not as a citation.", "board_domains_note": "Two states, North Carolina and North Dakota, have boards that do not use .gov domains (ncmedboard.org, ncbon.com). Their sources are still the boards' own documents. Do not read a missing .gov as a missing primary source." }, "fields": { "state": "Full state name as published by the state. The join key for the other two artefacts on this site: it matches the sheet on the compliance map and the state on the coverage page.", "state_code": "Two-letter USPS abbreviation, uppercase. Provided so the file joins to census, licensure and claims datasets without a lookup.", "np_authority": "Nurse practitioner practice authority as classified by the American Association of Nurse Practitioners: Full, Reduced or Restricted. Empty where the map records no classification.", "np_rule": "What the state requires of nurse practitioners, as summarised from the cited source.", "np_source": "URL of the document the np_rule summarises. Empty means unconfirmed.", "pa_rule": "What the state requires of physician assistants.", "pa_source": "URL for pa_rule. Empty means unconfirmed.", "ownership_posture": "Corporate-practice-of-medicine posture as assessed from the cited source: Strict, Moderate, Minimal or similar. Empty where the map records no classification.", "ownership_rule": "Who may own the practice, and under what structure.", "ownership_source": "URL for ownership_rule. Empty means unconfirmed.", "injection_rule": "Who may perform cosmetic injections, and under what supervision or delegation.", "injection_source": "URL for injection_rule. Empty means unconfirmed.", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Whether an examination must precede treatment, who may perform it, and whether telehealth is accepted.", "good_faith_exam_source": "URL for good_faith_exam_rule. Empty means unconfirmed.", "coming_change_rule": "A pending statute or rule change the map has recorded. Empty where none is recorded.", "coming_change_source": "URL for coming_change_rule. Empty means unconfirmed or none.", "medical_board_url": "Home page of the state medical board: the body that decides delegation and good-faith-exam questions. This is where an unconfirmed row should be taken.", "nursing_board_url": "Home page of the state board of nursing: the body that decides what an RN or APRN may perform, which is often the binding constraint on a med spa staffing model.", "reviewed": "The date Eventide last verified this state's rows against their sources.", "map_url": "The state's sheet on the compliance map.", "coverage_page_url": "Eventide's medical-director coverage page for the state." }, "changelog": [ { "version": "1.0.1", "date": "2026-09-10", "change": "Punctuation only, across 26 rule cells in 20 states. Where a rule opened with a label and an em dash before its detail, the em dash is a colon: \"Required: provider must perform and document an initial history and physical evaluation\". Rhode Island's pending-change row became two sentences. No rule, classification, source, board URL, review date or column changed, and no cell gained or lost a word. The columns and the identifiers are what v1 freezes and neither moved, so this is still med-spa-compliance-v1 at the same URL; the bytes at that URL did change, so the revision number moves to 1.0.1 and a citation can say which revision it read. The compliance map was retyped in the same commit, so the page and the file still state each rule identically. The field dictionary's two board_url descriptions, the methodology note, the ownership gap note and the attribution string were repunctuated the same way.", "breaking": false }, { "version": "1.0.0", "date": "2026-09-01", "change": "Montana ownership_source repointed from the rules.mt.gov gateway deep link (now a 301 to a search page) to the search URL it resolves to. Rule text and classification unchanged; no column added, renamed or removed, so this stays 1.0.0.", "breaking": false }, { "version": "1.0.0", "date": "2026-08-08", "change": "Licence set to CC BY 4.0 (was a pointer to the site terms, which is not a data licence). Data unchanged: no column added, renamed or removed, so this stays v1.0.0. Known gaps expanded to name the ownership column's reliance on secondary sources and to record that two states' boards are not on .gov domains.", "breaking": false }, { "version": "1.0.0", "date": "2026-08-08", "change": "First published release. 50 states; 21 columns; nurse practitioner authority, physician assistant framework, corporate-practice-of-medicine posture, cosmetic injection delegation, good-faith-examination requirement, pending changes, both board URLs, and a primary source per rule. Content as verified 30 July 2026.", "breaking": false } ], "data": [ { "state": "Alabama", "state_code": "AL", "np_authority": "Reduced", "np_rule": "Career-long collaborative agreement with a physician, approved by the medical board, is required for CRNP practice and prescribing", "np_source": "https://storage.aanp.org/www/documents/advocacy/State-Practice-Environment.pdf", "pa_rule": "Board-approved registration agreement with a supervising physician", "pa_source": "https://www.albme.gov/licensing/pa-aa/license-registration/", "ownership_posture": "Minimal", "ownership_rule": "No CPOM doctrine; corporations may employ physicians provided physicians retain independent clinical judgment, per a 1992 joint board declaration", "ownership_source": "https://www.permithealth.com/post/alabama-corporate-practice-of-medicine-cpom-guide", "injection_rule": "Only CRNPs and PAs under a board-approved collaboration/registration agreement and protocol may inject cosmetic botulinum toxin; the medical board bars delegation to RNs", "injection_source": "https://www.albme.gov/press-release/notice-botox-administration-al-board-of-nursing-declaratory-ruling", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Required; physician-patient relationship may be established via telehealth, but controlled substances need an in-person encounter within 12 months", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://www.albme.gov/resources/licensees/telemedicine/", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://www.albme.gov/", "nursing_board_url": "https://www.abn.alabama.gov/", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#alabama", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/alabama" }, { "state": "Alaska", "state_code": "AK", "np_authority": "Full", "np_rule": "NPs practice and prescribe independently under the Board of Nursing; no physician collaboration or supervision agreement required", "np_source": "https://storage.aanp.org/www/documents/advocacy/State-Practice-Environment.pdf", "pa_rule": "Written collaborative plan with a physician required", "pa_source": "https://www.commerce.alaska.gov/web/portals/5/pub/MED_Guide_PA_Scope_of_Practice.pdf", "ownership_posture": "", "ownership_rule": "No explicit CPOM prohibition confirmed; Alaska's professional corporation act requires all shareholders be licensed", "ownership_source": "https://www.permithealth.com/post/alaska-corporate-practice-of-medicine-cpom-guide", "injection_rule": "APRNs, RNs and LPNs may perform cosmetic injections only under a provider's order and supervision, never independently, and not on patients under 18", "injection_source": "https://www.commerce.alaska.gov/web/Portals/5/pub/NUR_AO_Medical_Aesthetic_2024.pdf", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Required: provider must perform and document an initial history and physical evaluation; telehealth is expressly acceptable", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://www.commerce.alaska.gov/web/Portals/5/pub/NUR_AO_Medical_Aesthetic_2024.pdf", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://www.commerce.alaska.gov/web/cbpl/ProfessionalLicensing/StateMedicalBoard.aspx", "nursing_board_url": "https://www.commerce.alaska.gov/web/cbpl/ProfessionalLicensing/BoardofNursing.aspx", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#alaska", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/alaska" }, { "state": "Arizona", "state_code": "AZ", "np_authority": "Full", "np_rule": "NPs practice and prescribe autonomously under the Board of Nursing; no supervising or collaborating physician is required", "np_source": "https://storage.aanp.org/www/documents/advocacy/State-Practice-Environment.pdf", "pa_rule": "Supervision agreement; collaboration without supervision at 8,000+ board-certified hours", "pa_source": "https://azpa.gov/Misc/HB2043/pa-practice-act-hb2043", "ownership_posture": "Minimal", "ownership_rule": "No statute or strong case law bars non-physician ownership of a medical entity; among the more permissive states", "ownership_source": "https://medspastandards.com/blog/arizona/who-can-own-a-med-spa-arizona", "injection_rule": "RNs may inject neuromodulators and fillers only under a written order from an MD, DO or NP, who must supervise and remain reachable", "injection_source": "https://azbn.gov/sites/default/files/AO-Medical-Aesthetic-Procedures.pdf", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Required before Level II/III aesthetic procedures by a qualified licensed provider; telemedicine allowed for the initial exam", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://azbn.gov/sites/default/files/AO-Medical-Aesthetic-Procedures.pdf", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://www.azmd.gov/", "nursing_board_url": "https://www.azbn.gov/", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#arizona", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/arizona" }, { "state": "Arkansas", "state_code": "AR", "np_authority": "Reduced", "np_rule": "APRNs must maintain a career-long collaborative practice agreement with a physician for prescriptive authority", "np_source": "https://storage.aanp.org/www/documents/advocacy/State-Practice-Environment.pdf", "pa_rule": "Board-approved delegation agreement with a designated supervising physician", "pa_source": "https://www.armedicalboard.org/Professionals/pdf/PA_DelegationAgreement.pdf", "ownership_posture": "Strict", "ownership_rule": "All officers, directors and shareholders of a medical professional corporation must at all times be licensed Arkansas physicians", "ownership_source": "https://codes.findlaw.com/ar/title-4-business-and-commercial-law/ar-code-sect-4-29-307/", "injection_rule": "Trained APRNs and RNs may perform aesthetic injections under a patient-specific or annually reviewed standing order from a physician or APRN prescriber; LPNs may not", "injection_source": "https://healthy.arkansas.gov/wp-content/uploads/21-1RoleofLicensedNurseinPracticeofAesthetics.pdf", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Required: procedures must be prescribed by a qualified physician or APRN with prescriptive authority; telehealth acceptability not addressed by the nursing board", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://healthy.arkansas.gov/wp-content/uploads/21-1RoleofLicensedNurseinPracticeofAesthetics.pdf", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://www.armedicalboard.org/", "nursing_board_url": "https://www.healthy.arkansas.gov/programs-services/topics/arkansas-board-of-nursing", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#arkansas", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/arkansas" }, { "state": "California", "state_code": "CA", "np_authority": "Restricted", "np_rule": "NPs generally require physician standardized procedures; AB 890 grants qualified NPs more autonomy after supervised transition hours", "np_source": "https://storage.aanp.org/www/documents/advocacy/State-Practice-Environment.pdf", "pa_rule": "Practice agreement with a supervising physician (no task-by-task delegation)", "pa_source": "https://california.public.law/codes/business_and_professions_code_section_3502.3", "ownership_posture": "Strict", "ownership_rule": "Non-physicians may not own medical practices or control clinical, staffing, billing or records decisions; SB 351 codified the prohibition", "ownership_source": "https://www.mbc.ca.gov/Licensing/Physicians-and-Surgeons/Practice-Information/", "injection_rule": "Botox, fillers and lasers may be delegated only to licensed RNs, NPs or PAs under physician supervision; medical assistants and estheticians are prohibited", "injection_source": "https://www.mbc.ca.gov/Download/Documents/medical-spas-business.pdf", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Appropriate prior examination required; may not be delegated to an RN, though NPs may perform it under standardized procedures", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://www.mbc.ca.gov/Download/Documents/medical-spas-business.pdf", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://www.mbc.ca.gov/", "nursing_board_url": "https://www.rn.ca.gov/", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#california", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/california" }, { "state": "Colorado", "state_code": "CO", "np_authority": "Full", "np_rule": "NPs practice under exclusive Board of Nursing authority; no career-long physician collaborative agreement required", "np_source": "https://www.aanp.org/advocacy/state/state-practice-environment", "pa_rule": "Collaborative agreement required; a supervisory agreement applies until 5,000 practice hours", "pa_source": "https://leg.colorado.gov/bills/sb23-083", "ownership_posture": "Strict", "ownership_rule": "Colorado bars corporations from practising medicine; only licensed physicians may own a professional medical corporation", "ownership_source": "https://leg.colorado.gov/sites/default/files/images/olls/crs2024-title-12.pdf", "injection_rule": "Injections are the practice of medicine; a physician may delegate to qualified personnel under board rule, with RNs governed by the Nurse Practice Act", "injection_source": "https://www.sos.state.co.us/CCR/GenerateRulePdf.do?ruleVersionId=12552&fileName=3%20CCR%20713-1", "good_faith_exam_rule": "An appropriate physician-patient relationship and initial consultation are required; telehealth may establish the relationship", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://www.sos.state.co.us/CCR/GenerateRulePdf.do?ruleVersionId=12552&fileName=3%20CCR%20713-1", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://dpo.colorado.gov/Medical", "nursing_board_url": "https://dpo.colorado.gov/Nursing", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#colorado", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/colorado" }, { "state": "Connecticut", "state_code": "CT", "np_authority": "Full", "np_rule": "Independent practice only after three years and 2,000 hours collaborating with a physician; no agreement required thereafter", "np_source": "https://www.cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_378.htm", "pa_rule": "Supervision agreement required: a clearly identified supervising physician providing active, direct supervision", "pa_source": "https://www.cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_370.htm", "ownership_posture": "Moderate", "ownership_rule": "No express CPOM statute, but medical professional corporations may have only licensed practitioners as owners, effectively barring lay ownership", "ownership_source": "https://www.cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_594a.htm", "injection_rule": "Only a physician, PA, APRN or RN may administer cosmetic medical procedures at a medical spa, and RNs act by delegation", "injection_source": "https://www.cga.ct.gov/2025/rpt/pdf/2025-R-0159.pdf", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Required: a physician, PA or APRN must perform an initial IN-PERSON assessment; telehealth does not satisfy it", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://www.cga.ct.gov/2025/rpt/pdf/2025-R-0159.pdf", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://portal.ct.gov/dph/public-health-hearing-office/connecticut-medical-examining-board/connecticut-medical-examining-board", "nursing_board_url": "https://portal.ct.gov/dph/public-health-hearing-office/board-of-examiners-for-nursing/board-of-examiners-for-nursing", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#connecticut", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/connecticut" }, { "state": "Delaware", "state_code": "DE", "np_authority": "Full", "np_rule": "Full practice authority under exclusive Board of Nursing licensure; the collaborative agreement requirement was removed in 2021", "np_source": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title24/c019/index.html", "pa_rule": "Collaborative agreement required, with a statutory independent-practice pathway after 6,000 postgraduate clinical hours", "pa_source": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title24/c017/sc06/index.html", "ownership_posture": "Minimal", "ownership_rule": "No express corporate practice of medicine doctrine, though professional corporations may issue stock only to licensed practitioners", "ownership_source": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title8/c006/index.html", "injection_rule": "No rule names injectables; physicians, APRNs and PAs may inject, and RNs only by physician delegation requiring on-site direct supervision under a prescription treatment plan", "injection_source": "https://regulations.delaware.gov/AdminCode/title24/1700.shtml", "good_faith_exam_rule": "A provider-patient relationship is required before treatment and may be established by telehealth", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title24/c060/index.html", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://dpr.delaware.gov/boards/medicalpractice/", "nursing_board_url": "https://dpr.delaware.gov/boards/nursing/", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#delaware", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/delaware" }, { "state": "Florida", "state_code": "FL", "np_authority": "Restricted", "np_rule": "NPs need a written protocol with a supervising physician; autonomous registration is limited to primary care", "np_source": "https://www.aanp.org/advocacy/state/state-practice-environment", "pa_rule": "Supervision required: the supervising physician must be easily available or physically present", "pa_source": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2025/458.347", "ownership_posture": "Moderate", "ownership_rule": "No blanket CPOM ban: non-physicians may own a med spa, but the entity generally needs Health Care Clinic licensure with a medical director", "ownership_source": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2025/400.9905", "injection_rule": "Physicians, PAs and APRNs may inject; RNs may administer neuromodulators and fillers only when delegated by and under the direct supervision of a physician", "injection_source": "https://floridasnursing.gov/", "good_faith_exam_rule": "A patient evaluation is required before cosmetic procedures; a telehealth evaluation is permitted under the state's telehealth statute", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2025/456.47", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://flboardofmedicine.gov/", "nursing_board_url": "https://floridasnursing.gov/", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#florida", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/florida" }, { "state": "Georgia", "state_code": "GA", "np_authority": "Restricted", "np_rule": "NPs must work under a nurse protocol agreement with a delegating physician, filed with the medical board", "np_source": "https://medicalboard.georgia.gov/licensure-information/aprn-protocol-registration", "pa_rule": "Supervision required: a board-approved job description with a primary supervising physician", "pa_source": "https://rules.sos.ga.gov/gac/360-5", "ownership_posture": "Moderate", "ownership_rule": "No standalone CPOM statute since the 1982 repeal, but professional corporation shares may be issued only to licensed practitioners, pushing lay owners into MSO structures", "ownership_source": "https://codes.findlaw.com/ga/title-14-corporations-partnerships-and-associations/ga-code-sect-14-7-5.html", "injection_rule": "RNs, but not LPNs, may inject neuromodulators and dermal fillers only under an individualised order from a physician, NP or PA with prescriptive authority", "injection_source": "https://sos.ga.gov/sites/default/files/2024-06/cosmetic_aesthetic_position_statement_04012024.pdf", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Required: the prescribing physician, NP or PA must personally perform the history and physical; standing orders are not an acceptable substitute", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://sos.ga.gov/sites/default/files/2024-06/cosmetic_aesthetic_position_statement_04012024.pdf", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://medicalboard.georgia.gov/", "nursing_board_url": "https://sos.ga.gov/georgia-board-nursing", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#georgia", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/georgia" }, { "state": "Hawaii", "state_code": "HI", "np_authority": "Full", "np_rule": "NPs evaluate, diagnose and prescribe independently under board of nursing authority; no physician collaborative agreement required", "np_source": "https://www.aanp.org/advocacy/state/state-practice-environment", "pa_rule": "Physician supervision required; written record-review guidelines kept at the practice site", "pa_source": "https://data.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol10_Ch0436-0474/HRS0453/HRS_0453-0005_0003.htm", "ownership_posture": "Minimal", "ownership_rule": "No CPOM statute or case law; ownership is limited indirectly because professional-corporation shares may be issued only to licensed practitioners", "ownership_source": "https://data.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol08_Ch0401-0429/HRS0415A/HRS_0415A-0009.htm", "injection_rule": "Physicians and supervised PAs may inject; APRNs may inject and prescribe independently; RNs and LPNs only on a prescriber's order under nursing delegation", "injection_source": "https://data.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/vol10_ch0436-0474/HRS0457/HRS_0457-0002.htm", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Documented patient evaluation required; telehealth expressly acceptable, but an online questionnaire alone is not", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://data.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol10_Ch0436-0474/HRS0453/HRS_0453-0001_0003.htm", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://cca.hawaii.gov/pvl/boards/medical/", "nursing_board_url": "https://cca.hawaii.gov/pvl/boards/nursing/", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#hawaii", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/hawaii" }, { "state": "Idaho", "state_code": "ID", "np_authority": "Full", "np_rule": "NPs evaluate, diagnose and prescribe independently under board of nursing authority; no physician collaboration required", "np_source": "https://www.aanp.org/advocacy/state/state-practice-environment", "pa_rule": "Written collaborative practice agreement required; no named supervising physician and no ratio", "pa_source": "https://legislature.idaho.gov/statutesrules/idstat/title54/t54ch18/sect54-1807a/", "ownership_posture": "Minimal", "ownership_rule": "The Board of Medicine formally disavowed the corporate practice doctrine in 2016; non-physicians may own practices and employ physicians", "ownership_source": "https://isb.idaho.gov/blog/update-on-corporate-practice-of-medicine-under-idaho-law/", "injection_rule": "Neurotoxin and filler injection is the practice of medicine; physicians, or delegated medical personnel with the physician on-site or immediately available, may inject", "injection_source": "https://adminrules.idaho.gov/rules/current/24/243301.pdf", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Required: physician must document evaluation, assessment and plan before initial treatment; telehealth acceptable, static questionnaire insufficient", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://adminrules.idaho.gov/rules/current/24/243301.pdf", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://dopl.idaho.gov/bom/", "nursing_board_url": "https://dopl.idaho.gov/bon/", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#idaho", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/idaho" }, { "state": "Illinois", "state_code": "IL", "np_authority": "Reduced", "np_rule": "Written collaborative agreement with a physician required unless the APRN qualifies for full practice authority", "np_source": "https://www.aanp.org/advocacy/state/state-practice-environment", "pa_rule": "Written collaborative agreement required; hospital and ASTC privileged PAs exempt", "pa_source": "https://codes.findlaw.com/il/chapter-225-professionsoccupations-and-business-operations/il-st-sect-225-95-7-5/", "ownership_posture": "Strict", "ownership_rule": "Only physicians, and APRNs for some services, may own a medical practice; lay corporations cannot employ physicians, hospitals excepted", "ownership_source": "https://idfpr.illinois.gov/content/dam/soi/en/web/idfpr/forms/dpr/idfpr-medspa-memo.pdf", "injection_rule": "Physicians may inject and delegate to RNs, LPNs, APRNs or PAs under supervision; full-practice-authority APRNs act independently; estheticians may not inject", "injection_source": "https://idfpr.illinois.gov/content/dam/soi/en/web/idfpr/forms/dpr/idfpr-medspa-memo.pdf", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Physician-patient relationship required, and a physician exam before laser treatment; no med-spa-specific telehealth guidance", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://idfpr.illinois.gov/content/dam/soi/en/web/idfpr/forms/dpr/idfpr-medspa-memo.pdf", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://idfpr.illinois.gov/profs/boards/statemedboard.html", "nursing_board_url": "https://idfpr.illinois.gov/profs/boards/nursing.html", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#illinois", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/illinois" }, { "state": "Indiana", "state_code": "IN", "np_authority": "Reduced", "np_rule": "NPs must maintain a written collaborative practice agreement with a physician for prescriptive authority", "np_source": "https://www.aanp.org/advocacy/state/state-practice-environment", "pa_rule": "Written collaborative agreement required; dependent practice, maximum four PAs per physician", "pa_source": "https://codes.findlaw.com/in/title-25-professions-and-occupations/in-code-sect-25-27-5-5-2/", "ownership_posture": "Strict", "ownership_rule": "Widely treated as a CPOM state requiring physician ownership, though the restriction is inferred from licensure statutes rather than expressly codified", "ownership_source": "https://www.permithealth.com/post/indiana-corporate-practice-of-medicine-cpom-guide", "injection_rule": "Only physicians, qualifying APRNs, and PAs with delegated prescriptive authority may order injectables; RNs may administer only under a physician-delegated regimen", "injection_source": "https://iga.in.gov/pdf-documents/124/2026/senate/bills/SB0282/SB0282.06.ENRH.pdf", "good_faith_exam_rule": "No express statutory good-faith-exam mandate; the duty flows from the prescribing standard of care. Telehealth permitted without a prior in-person exam", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://www.in.gov/pla/resources/telehealth-home/", "coming_change_rule": "Indiana enacted the first state med-spa registration statute (SEA 282). Registration opens around October 2026 and is required to operate from 1 January 2027, with a named responsible practitioner", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://www.in.gov/pla/professions/physicians-home/medical-board/", "nursing_board_url": "https://www.in.gov/pla/professions/nursing-home/", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#indiana", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/indiana" }, { "state": "Iowa", "state_code": "IA", "np_authority": "Full", "np_rule": "ARNPs evaluate, diagnose and prescribe independently under board of nursing authority; no physician agreement required", "np_source": "https://www.aanp.org/advocacy/state/state-practice-environment", "pa_rule": "Optimal Team Practice: collaboration determined at the practice level; no supervisory agreement required", "pa_source": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/ico/chapter/148C.pdf", "ownership_posture": "Moderate", "ownership_rule": "Professional corporations must be owned by same-profession licensees, but Iowa has no broad statutory ban on lay entities employing physicians", "ownership_source": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/ico/chapter/496C.pdf", "injection_rule": "Botulinum toxin, fillers and other injectables are medical aesthetic services; non-physicians may perform them only when delegated and supervised by a medical director", "injection_source": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/iac/chapter/481.655.pdf", "good_faith_exam_rule": "In-person interview and physical exam generally required; telemedicine acceptable if adequate, a static online questionnaire is not", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/iac/chapter/481.655.pdf", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://dial.iowa.gov/about-dial/boards-and-commissions/board-medicine", "nursing_board_url": "https://dial.iowa.gov/about-dial/boards-and-commissions/board-nursing-0", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#iowa", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/iowa" }, { "state": "Kansas", "state_code": "KS", "np_authority": "Full", "np_rule": "NPs evaluate, diagnose, and prescribe under board of nursing authority; no physician collaborative agreement required", "np_source": "https://www.aanp.org/advocacy/kansas", "pa_rule": "Supervision agreement required; moves to a collaborative agreement after 4,000 hours from 1 January 2027", "pa_source": "https://www.ksbha.ks.gov/departments/general-counsel/general-counsel-faqs/physician-assistant", "ownership_posture": "Strict", "ownership_rule": "A business offering medical services may be owned only by physicians or other statutorily qualified licensees; violation is a felony", "ownership_source": "https://www.ksbha.ks.gov/departments/general-counsel/general-counsel-faqs/medical-spas", "injection_rule": "No cosmetic-specific board rule exists. Under the general framework a prescriber orders treatment and an RN may then execute that patient-specific order", "injection_source": "https://www.ksbha.ks.gov/departments/general-counsel/general-counsel-faqs/medical-spas", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Board guidance requires the prescriber to personally evaluate and diagnose the patient before ordering; standing orders are not valid prescriptions. Telehealth may establish the relationship", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://www.ksbha.ks.gov/resources/publications-resources/guidance-documents", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://www.ksbha.ks.gov/", "nursing_board_url": "https://ksbn.kansas.gov/", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#kansas", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/kansas" }, { "state": "Kentucky", "state_code": "KY", "np_authority": "Reduced", "np_rule": "Career-long collaborative agreement with a physician required, including a separate agreement to prescribe controlled substances", "np_source": "https://www.aanp.org/advocacy/kentucky", "pa_rule": "Board-approved supervision agreement with a supervising physician required", "pa_source": "https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/statute.aspx?id=57572", "ownership_posture": "Moderate", "ownership_rule": "Professional corporations must be owned by licensed persons, but the medical board declines enforcement absent interference with a physician's clinical judgment", "ownership_source": "https://codes.findlaw.com/ky/title-xxiii-private-corporations-and-associations/ky-rev-st-sect-274-015.html/", "injection_rule": "APRNs may inject within their population focus; RNs and LPNs administer neurotoxins only on a qualified provider's order under supervision, and LPNs may not inject fillers", "injection_source": "https://kbn.ky.gov/KBN%20Documents/aos35-cosmetic-and-dermatological-procedures-by-nurses.pdf", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Documented provider assessment and treatment plan required before treatment; telehealth acceptable if standard of care met, static online questionnaires prohibited", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://kbml.ky.gov/board/Documents/Board%20Opinion%20regarding%20The%20Use%20of%20Telemedicine%20Technologies%20in%20the%20Practice%20of%20Medicine.pdf", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://kbml.ky.gov", "nursing_board_url": "https://kbn.ky.gov", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#kentucky", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/kentucky" }, { "state": "Louisiana", "state_code": "LA", "np_authority": "Reduced", "np_rule": "NPs must maintain a collaborative practice agreement with a physician; fully independent practice is not permitted", "np_source": "https://www.aanp.org/advocacy/louisiana", "pa_rule": "Supervising physician required; written agreement updated annually, physical presence not required", "pa_source": "https://www.legis.la.gov/legis/LawPrint.aspx?d=93213", "ownership_posture": "Moderate", "ownership_rule": "Physician employment by a business corporation is not per se unlawful, but corporate control of clinical judgment is unauthorized practice of medicine", "ownership_source": "https://www.lsbme.la.gov/content/statements-position", "injection_rule": "Physicians, PAs, and APRNs may inject; trained RNs may give neurotoxins on a prescriber's order with a physician or NP on-site, but not dermal fillers", "injection_source": "https://www.lsbn.state.la.us/wp-content/uploads/licensees-and-applicants-scope-of-practice/Declerat21.pdf", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Required: history and physical exam by a physician or collaborating NP must precede treatment; telehealth acceptability unverified", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://www.lsbn.state.la.us/wp-content/uploads/licensees-and-applicants-scope-of-practice/Declerat21.pdf", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://www.lsbme.la.gov", "nursing_board_url": "https://www.lsbn.state.la.us", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#louisiana", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/louisiana" }, { "state": "Maine", "state_code": "ME", "np_authority": "Full", "np_rule": "Full authority after 24 months of supervised practice; no ongoing physician collaborative agreement required thereafter", "np_source": "https://www.aanp.org/advocacy/maine", "pa_rule": "Practice agreement required below 4,000 clinical hours; no agreement required above that threshold", "pa_source": "https://www.maine.gov/md/licensure/pa-license", "ownership_posture": "Minimal", "ownership_rule": "No CPOM statute or case law; non-physicians may own med spas, though only licensees may deliver medical services", "ownership_source": "https://medpathcompliance.com/resources/corporate-practice-of-medicine-cpom-50-state-guide", "injection_rule": "Only physicians, physician associates, and APRNs may evaluate, diagnose, and prescribe; RNs and LPNs may administer injectables under delegation; unlicensed personnel may never inject", "injection_source": "https://www.maine.gov/sos/sites/maine.gov.sos/files/inline-files/373c015-2026-167-NEW.docx", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Required: history and exam by physician, PA, or APRN; telehealth acceptable if it supports an informed diagnosis; standing orders prohibited", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://www.maine.gov/sos/sites/maine.gov.sos/files/inline-files/373c015-2026-167-NEW.docx", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://www.maine.gov/md/", "nursing_board_url": "https://www.maine.gov/boardofnursing/", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#maine", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/maine" }, { "state": "Maryland", "state_code": "MD", "np_authority": "Full", "np_rule": "NPs practice independently under Board of Nursing authority; no physician collaborative agreement or supervision required", "np_source": "https://www.aanp.org/advocacy/maryland", "pa_rule": "Collaboration agreement with a patient care team physician (delegation agreements ended October 2024)", "pa_source": "https://www.mbp.state.md.us/licensure_ahapp_pa.aspx", "ownership_posture": "Moderate", "ownership_rule": "Doctrine is uncodified and loosely enforced; medical practices generally must use physician-owned professional corporations rather than general business corporations", "ownership_source": "https://www.gfrlaw.com/what-we-do/insights/time-reform-corporate-practice-medicine-doctrine", "injection_rule": "Cosmetic medical procedures may be delegated to PAs or assigned to other licensed providers within their board-determined scope, generally with onsite physician supervision", "injection_source": "https://regs.maryland.gov/us/md/exec/comar/10.32.09.04", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Required: physician must personally perform the initial assessment and written treatment plan; telehealth acceptability unverified", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://regs.maryland.gov/us/md/exec/comar/10.32.09.05", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://www.mbp.state.md.us/", "nursing_board_url": "https://health.maryland.gov/mbon", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#maryland", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/maryland" }, { "state": "Massachusetts", "state_code": "MA", "np_authority": "Full", "np_rule": "Full practice authority: NPs may evaluate, diagnose, prescribe and manage treatment without a physician agreement", "np_source": "https://www.aanp.org/advocacy/massachusetts", "pa_rule": "Physician supervision agreement required, though on-site physician presence is not", "pa_source": "https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXVI/Chapter112/Section9E", "ownership_posture": "Strict", "ownership_rule": "Non-physician ownership of a medical practice is not permitted; practices must be physician-owned professional entities or separately licensed clinics", "ownership_source": "https://www.permithealth.com/post/the-corporate-practice-of-medicine-50-state-guide", "injection_rule": "APRNs, RNs and LPNs may perform aesthetic injections within nursing scope and demonstrated competence; injected medications require an authorized prescriber's order", "injection_source": "https://www.mass.gov/doc/ar-1301-cosmetic-and-dermatologic-procedures/download", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Authorized-prescriber evaluation and order required; telehealth statutorily covers evaluating, diagnosing and prescribing", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXVI/Chapter112/Section5O", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://www.mass.gov/orgs/board-of-registration-in-medicine", "nursing_board_url": "https://www.mass.gov/orgs/board-of-registration-in-nursing", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#massachusetts", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/massachusetts" }, { "state": "Michigan", "state_code": "MI", "np_authority": "Restricted", "np_rule": "NPs require physician delegation, including for prescribing; no fully independent practice authority", "np_source": "https://www.aanp.org/advocacy/michigan", "pa_rule": "Practice agreement with a participating physician (agreement-based rather than supervision)", "pa_source": "https://www.legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=MCL-333-17047", "ownership_posture": "Strict", "ownership_rule": "Non-physicians may not own or control a medical practice; professional entities must be owned by licensed physicians", "ownership_source": "https://www.permithealth.com/post/the-corporate-practice-of-medicine-50-state-guide", "injection_rule": "Cosmetic injections are medical acts; a physician may delegate them to a qualified NP, PA, or RN performing under the delegating licensee's supervision", "injection_source": "https://www.legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-333-16215", "good_faith_exam_rule": "No statutory in-person exam mandate; telehealth prescribing permitted by a prescriber with patient consent", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://codes.findlaw.com/mi/chapter-333-health/mi-comp-laws-333-16285/", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://www.michigan.gov/lara/bureau-list/bpl/health/hp-lic-health-prof/medicine", "nursing_board_url": "https://www.michigan.gov/lara/bureau-list/bpl/health/hp-lic-health-prof/nursing", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#michigan", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/michigan" }, { "state": "Minnesota", "state_code": "MN", "np_authority": "Full", "np_rule": "Full practice authority: NPs practice and prescribe independently without a physician collaborative agreement", "np_source": "https://www.aanp.org/advocacy/minnesota", "pa_rule": "Established practice agreement required; new PAs must complete 2,080 collaborative hours", "pa_source": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/147A.09", "ownership_posture": "Strict", "ownership_rule": "Only licensed professionals may own a medical practice; non-profit corporations may employ physicians as a recognised exception", "ownership_source": "https://www.permithealth.com/post/the-corporate-practice-of-medicine-50-state-guide", "injection_rule": "RNs may inject only pursuant to a licensed provider's order or delegation; NPs and PAs may inject within their own authorised scope", "injection_source": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/148.171", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Required; the physician-patient relationship may be established via telehealth under the same standard of care", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/147.033", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://mn.gov/boards/medical-practice/", "nursing_board_url": "https://mn.gov/boards/nursing/", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#minnesota", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/minnesota" }, { "state": "Mississippi", "state_code": "MS", "np_authority": "Reduced", "np_rule": "NPs must maintain a career-long collaborative agreement and protocol with a physician to practice and prescribe", "np_source": "https://www.aanp.org/advocacy/mississippi", "pa_rule": "Board-approved supervising physician with a delegated-services protocol required", "pa_source": "https://www.msbml.ms.gov/sites/default/files/Rules_Laws_Policies/6-2025Administrative%20Code.pdf", "ownership_posture": "Minimal", "ownership_rule": "No broad statutory corporate-practice ban; the medical board looks to physician clinical autonomy rather than entity ownership structure", "ownership_source": "https://www.permithealth.com/post/the-corporate-practice-of-medicine-50-state-guide", "injection_rule": "RNs and LPNs may not perform neurotoxin or filler injections; physicians, PAs and qualified APRNs may. Lasers require on-premises physician supervision", "injection_source": "https://www.msbn.ms.gov/faqs", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Appropriate exam required before diagnosis and treatment; may be non-in-person where telehealth technology is sufficient", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://www.msbml.ms.gov/sites/default/files/Rules_Laws_Policies/6-2025Administrative%20Code.pdf", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://www.msbml.ms.gov/", "nursing_board_url": "https://www.msbn.ms.gov/", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#mississippi", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/mississippi" }, { "state": "Missouri", "state_code": "MO", "np_authority": "Restricted", "np_rule": "NPs must practice under a written collaborative practice arrangement with a physician; no independent practice", "np_source": "https://www.aanp.org/advocacy/missouri", "pa_rule": "Written collaborative practice arrangement; collaborating physician chart review at least every two weeks", "pa_source": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=334.735", "ownership_posture": "Minimal", "ownership_rule": "Missouri does not apply a corporate practice of medicine doctrine; corporations have been permitted to employ physicians since 1907 case law", "ownership_source": "https://www.permithealth.com/post/the-corporate-practice-of-medicine-50-state-guide", "injection_rule": "Injectables are medical acts; RNs may administer only as prescribed or delegated by a licensed prescriber, while NPs and PAs act under their collaborative arrangements", "injection_source": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=335.016", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Exam sufficient for diagnosis required; may be via telemedicine where the standard of care allows", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=191.1146", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://pr.mo.gov/healingarts.asp", "nursing_board_url": "https://pr.mo.gov/nursing.asp", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#missouri", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/missouri" }, { "state": "Montana", "state_code": "MT", "np_authority": "Full", "np_rule": "Full practice authority; NPs evaluate, diagnose and prescribe without a physician collaborative agreement", "np_source": "https://www.aanp.org/advocacy/state/state-practice-environment", "pa_rule": "Optimal Team Practice; the collaboration-agreement requirement is waived at 8,000 practice hours", "pa_source": "https://www.aapa.org/news-central/2023/04/montana-law-removes-collaboration-requirement-for-pas-with-8000-practice-hours/", "ownership_posture": "Moderate", "ownership_rule": "The statutory ban was repealed in 1995, but board rules still treat partnering with unlicensed persons as unprofessional conduct", "ownership_source": "https://rules.mt.gov/search?query=24.156.1625", "injection_rule": "No board rule specific to cosmetic injectables was found. Confirm the delegation rules with the boards below before you build a staffing plan", "injection_source": "", "good_faith_exam_rule": "No published rule found on the exam that must precede treatment. Confirm with the medical board", "good_faith_exam_source": "", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://boards.bsd.dli.mt.gov/medical-examiners/", "nursing_board_url": "https://boards.bsd.dli.mt.gov/nursing/", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#montana", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/montana" }, { "state": "Nebraska", "state_code": "NE", "np_authority": "Full", "np_rule": "Full practice authority; NPs practice and prescribe without a physician collaboration agreement", "np_source": "https://www.aanp.org/advocacy/state/state-practice-environment", "pa_rule": "Physician supervision with a written scope-of-practice agreement", "pa_source": "https://dhhs.ne.gov/licensure/Pages/Physician-Assistant.aspx", "ownership_posture": "Minimal", "ownership_rule": "No CPOM doctrine; case law since 1905 lets corporations provide medical services through licensed physicians", "ownership_source": "https://www.permithealth.com/post/the-corporate-practice-of-medicine-50-state-guide", "injection_rule": "No board rule specific to cosmetic injectables was found. Confirm the delegation rules with the boards below before you build a staffing plan", "injection_source": "", "good_faith_exam_rule": "No published rule found on the exam that must precede treatment. Confirm with the medical board", "good_faith_exam_source": "", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://dhhs.ne.gov/licensure/Pages/Medicine-and-Surgery.aspx", "nursing_board_url": "https://dhhs.ne.gov/licensure/Pages/Nurse-Licensing.aspx", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#nebraska", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/nebraska" }, { "state": "Nevada", "state_code": "NV", "np_authority": "Full", "np_rule": "Full practice authority; APRNs may evaluate, prescribe and practice without physician supervision", "np_source": "https://www.aanp.org/advocacy/state/state-practice-environment", "pa_rule": "Supervising physician required; the board is notified of the supervisor and the supervised scope", "pa_source": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NAC/NAC-630.html", "ownership_posture": "Strict", "ownership_rule": "Only physician-owned professional entities may practice medicine; corporate employment of physicians is barred outside limited statutory exceptions", "ownership_source": "https://clarkcountybar.org/corporate-practice-of-medicine-in-nevada-and-the-friendly-pc-mso-structure/", "injection_rule": "Physicians, PAs, APRNs and trained RNs may inject fillers with a practitioner's order; LPNs may not. Certain filler zones require immediate rather than direct supervision", "injection_source": "https://nevadanursingboard.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Aesthetic-Practice-Decision-PDF.pdf", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Required: an order per intervention from a practitioner who assessed the patient and established a bona fide relationship", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://nevadanursingboard.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Aesthetic-Practice-Decision-PDF.pdf", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://medboard.nv.gov/", "nursing_board_url": "https://nevadanursingboard.org/", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#nevada", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/nevada" }, { "state": "New Hampshire", "state_code": "NH", "np_authority": "Full", "np_rule": "Full practice authority; NPs practice and prescribe independently without a collaborative agreement", "np_source": "https://www.aanp.org/advocacy/state/state-practice-environment", "pa_rule": "Written collaboration agreement required below 8,000 post-graduate hours; waiver available after", "pa_source": "https://gc.nh.gov/rsa/html/XXX/328-D/328-D-mrg.htm", "ownership_posture": "Minimal", "ownership_rule": "No formal CPOM doctrine; physicians may be employed by corporations or practice through professional corporations", "ownership_source": "https://www.permithealth.com/post/the-corporate-practice-of-medicine-50-state-guide", "injection_rule": "No board rule specific to cosmetic injectables was found. Confirm the delegation rules with the boards below before you build a staffing plan", "injection_source": "", "good_faith_exam_rule": "No published rule found on the exam that must precede treatment. Confirm with the medical board", "good_faith_exam_source": "", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://www.oplc.nh.gov/", "nursing_board_url": "https://www.oplc.nh.gov/", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#new-hampshire", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/new-hampshire" }, { "state": "New Jersey", "state_code": "NJ", "np_authority": "Reduced", "np_rule": "A joint protocol with a physician is still required for aesthetics; the 2026 reform exempts only primary and behavioral health", "np_source": "https://www.aanp.org/advocacy/new-jersey", "pa_rule": "Physician supervision with a written agreement, set at practice level", "pa_source": "https://www.njconsumeraffairs.gov/bme", "ownership_posture": "Strict", "ownership_rule": "Only physicians may own a medical practice; non-physicians must use an MSO alongside a physician-owned professional corporation", "ownership_source": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/regulations/new-jersey/N-J-A-C-13-35-6-16", "injection_rule": "Physicians and PAs may perform and delegate injectables; APNs and RNs inject only under a detailed physician-signed protocol. Unlicensed staff are prohibited", "injection_source": "https://www.njconsumeraffairs.gov/bme", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Required before non-surgical cosmetic treatment, performed by a physician, PA or APN rather than an RN; telehealth acceptability unverified", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://www.njconsumeraffairs.gov/bme", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://www.njconsumeraffairs.gov/bme", "nursing_board_url": "https://www.njconsumeraffairs.gov/nur", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#new-jersey", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/new-jersey" }, { "state": "New Mexico", "state_code": "NM", "np_authority": "Full", "np_rule": "NPs practice and prescribe independently; no physician supervision or collaborative agreement is required", "np_source": "https://www.aanp.org/advocacy/new-mexico", "pa_rule": "Supervision agreement required; collaboration permitted for primary-care PAs", "pa_source": "https://www.srca.nm.gov/parts/title16/16.010.0015.html", "ownership_posture": "Minimal", "ownership_rule": "New Mexico has no corporate practice of medicine doctrine; non-physician entities may own practices and employ physicians", "ownership_source": "https://www.permithealth.com/post/new-mexico-corporate-practice-of-medicine-cpom-guide", "injection_rule": "Injecting cosmetic substances is the practice of medicine and may not be delegated to unlicensed medical assistants; physicians, PAs, NPs and trained RNs may inject", "injection_source": "https://www.srca.nm.gov/parts/title16/16.010.0013.html", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Physician must provide history, physical exam and diagnosis before delegated cosmetic device treatment; telehealth acceptability unverified", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://www.srca.nm.gov/parts/title16/16.010.0013.html", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://www.nmmb.state.nm.us/", "nursing_board_url": "https://www.bon.nm.gov/", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#new-mexico", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/new-mexico" }, { "state": "New York", "state_code": "NY", "np_authority": "Full", "np_rule": "Classified as full practice; NPs may diagnose and prescribe without a collaborative agreement", "np_source": "https://www.aanp.org/advocacy/new-york", "pa_rule": "Continuous physician supervision required; physical presence is not", "pa_source": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/EDN/6542", "ownership_posture": "Strict", "ownership_rule": "Only licensed physicians may own the professional entity; med spas must be a PC, PLLC, or RLLP", "ownership_source": "https://www.stevenslee.com/health-law-observer-blog/new-york-corporate-practice-of-medicine-and-its-impact-on-medical-spas/", "injection_rule": "RNs may inject only under a patient-specific order from a physician, NP or PA; cosmetic injectables are not covered by non-patient-specific standing orders", "injection_source": "https://www.op.nysed.gov/professions/registered-professional-nursing/practice-information-for-nursing", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Required: the prescriber must evaluate the patient and issue a patient-specific order; telehealth acceptability unverified", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://www.op.nysed.gov/professions/registered-professional-nursing/practice-information-for-nursing", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://www.op.nysed.gov/professions-index/medicine", "nursing_board_url": "https://www.op.nysed.gov/professions-index/nursing", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#new-york", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/new-york" }, { "state": "North Carolina", "state_code": "NC", "np_authority": "Restricted", "np_rule": "NPs need career-long physician supervision or team management to deliver patient care", "np_source": "https://www.aanp.org/advocacy/north-carolina", "pa_rule": "Written supervisory arrangement with a primary supervising physician required", "pa_source": "https://www.ncmedboard.org/resources-information/faqs/professional-faqs/supervision", "ownership_posture": "Strict", "ownership_rule": "North Carolina enforces CPOM relatively vigorously; medical practices must be physician-owned professional corporations or PLLCs", "ownership_source": "https://www.permithealth.com/post/north-carolina-corporate-practice-of-medicine-cpom-guide", "injection_rule": "RNs and LPNs may perform neuromodulator and dermal filler injections when prescribed by a licensed prescriber; LPNs require on-site supervision, RNs do not", "injection_source": "https://www.ncbon.com/sites/default/files/documents/2024-02/ps-cosmetic-aesthetic-dermatological-procedures.pdf", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Required: the prescriber must complete the client evaluation and issue the order; telehealth acceptability unverified", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://www.ncbon.com/sites/default/files/documents/2024-02/ps-cosmetic-aesthetic-dermatological-procedures.pdf", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://www.ncmedboard.org", "nursing_board_url": "https://www.ncbon.com", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#north-carolina", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/north-carolina" }, { "state": "North Dakota", "state_code": "ND", "np_authority": "Full", "np_rule": "Full practice authority; NPs diagnose and prescribe under nursing board licensure without a physician agreement", "np_source": "https://www.aanp.org/advocacy/north-dakota", "pa_rule": "Optimal Team Practice: collaboration only; a written agreement is required under 4,000 practice hours", "pa_source": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t43c17.pdf", "ownership_posture": "Strict", "ownership_rule": "North Dakota enforces CPOM by statute; practices must be wholly physician-owned professional entities", "ownership_source": "https://www.permithealth.com/post/north-dakota-corporate-practice-of-medicine-cpom-guide", "injection_rule": "RNs with comprehensive accredited training may inject FDA-approved aesthetic agents as part of a prescriber's treatment plan, but may not select the agent or dose", "injection_source": "https://www.ndbon.org/2024/12/nursing-practice/", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Required: a documented initial assessment of each client by the prescriber; telehealth acceptability unverified", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://www.ndbon.org/2024/12/nursing-practice/", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://www.ndbom.org", "nursing_board_url": "https://www.ndbon.org", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#north-dakota", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/north-dakota" }, { "state": "Ohio", "state_code": "OH", "np_authority": "Reduced", "np_rule": "NPs require a career-long collaborative agreement with a physician to practice fully", "np_source": "https://www.aanp.org/advocacy/ohio", "pa_rule": "Written supervision agreement with a supervising physician required", "pa_source": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/section-4730.19", "ownership_posture": "Minimal", "ownership_rule": "Ohio does not enforce CPOM; statute permits physicians to practice through corporations and other non-physician-owned entities", "ownership_source": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/section-4731.226", "injection_rule": "RNs and LPNs may administer cosmetic injectables only under a specific current order from an authorised prescriber; nurses may not prescribe or select the dose", "injection_source": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-administrative-code/rule-4723-4-03", "good_faith_exam_rule": "No published rule found on the exam that must precede treatment. Confirm with the medical board", "good_faith_exam_source": "", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://med.ohio.gov", "nursing_board_url": "https://nursing.ohio.gov", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#ohio", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/ohio" }, { "state": "Oklahoma", "state_code": "OK", "np_authority": "Restricted", "np_rule": "NPs need a written physician supervision statement for prescriptive authority until 6,240 practice hours are verified", "np_source": "https://storage.aanp.org/www/documents/no-index/state-fact-sheets/oklahoma.pdf", "pa_rule": "Delegating-physician practice agreement on file; independent practice permitted after 6,240 verified postgraduate hours", "pa_source": "https://www.okbar.org/barjournal/march-2026/independent-practice-supervision-and-scope/", "ownership_posture": "Minimal", "ownership_rule": "Oklahoma has no established corporate practice of medicine doctrine, so non-physicians may generally own practices subject to professional-entity rules", "ownership_source": "https://permithealth.com/post/the-corporate-practice-of-medicine-50-state-guide", "injection_rule": "RNs and LPNs may inject neuromodulators and fillers on an individualised prescriber order after a history and physical; standing orders are prohibited", "injection_source": "https://oklahoma.gov/content/dam/ok/en/nursing/documents/cosmeticdermtx.pdf", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Required initial evaluation establishing the practitioner-patient relationship before treatment; may be face-to-face or via telemedicine", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://oklahoma.gov/content/dam/ok/en/osboe/documents/guidance/Med%20Spa%20Guidelines%202-27-24.pdf", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://www.okmedicalboard.org/", "nursing_board_url": "https://oklahoma.gov/nursing.html", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#oklahoma", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/oklahoma" }, { "state": "Oregon", "state_code": "OR", "np_authority": "Full", "np_rule": "NPs evaluate, diagnose and prescribe independently under Board of Nursing authority; no physician agreement required", "np_source": "https://storage.aanp.org/www/documents/no-index/state-fact-sheets/oregon.pdf", "pa_rule": "Collaborative practice agreement required rather than supervision; kept at the practice site", "pa_source": "https://www.oregon.gov/omb/licensing/pages/sp-pa-collaborative-practice.aspx", "ownership_posture": "Strict", "ownership_rule": "Oregon enforces CPOM, and 2025 legislation sharply limits MSO control and friendly-PC structures; practices must stay physician-owned", "ownership_source": "https://medpathcompliance.com/resources/corporate-practice-of-medicine-cpom-50-state-guide", "injection_rule": "Licensees must examine the patient first; non-ablative cosmetic treatments may be delegated to trained staff, but ablative laser surgery may not", "injection_source": "https://www.oregon.gov/omb/board/philosophy/Pages/Medical-Use-of-Lasers.aspx", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Required: the licensee must examine each patient before initial treatment; telehealth acceptability not addressed by the board", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://www.oregon.gov/omb/board/philosophy/Pages/Medical-Use-of-Lasers.aspx", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://www.oregon.gov/omb", "nursing_board_url": "https://www.oregon.gov/osbn", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#oregon", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/oregon" }, { "state": "Pennsylvania", "state_code": "PA", "np_authority": "Reduced", "np_rule": "Career-long written collaborative agreement required, and at least two physicians for prescriptive authority", "np_source": "https://storage.aanp.org/www/documents/no-index/state-fact-sheets/pennsylvania.pdf", "pa_rule": "Written agreement with a registered primary supervising physician, filed with the State Board of Medicine", "pa_source": "https://www.pa.gov/agencies/dos/department-and-offices/bpoa/boards-commissions/medicine", "ownership_posture": "Strict", "ownership_rule": "Pennsylvania recognises the doctrine through case law; lay corporations may not employ physicians or control clinical judgment", "ownership_source": "https://permithealth.com/post/the-corporate-practice-of-medicine-50-state-guide", "injection_rule": "No board rule specific to injectables; under general rules an RN may administer a drug ordered by a licensed prescriber in the dosage and manner prescribed", "injection_source": "https://www.pacodeandbulletin.gov/", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Prescriber evaluation required before treatment; telemedicine only where the standard of care does not require a physical exam", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://www.pa.gov/agencies/dos/resources/professional-licensing-resources/telemedicine-faqs", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://www.pa.gov/agencies/dos/department-and-offices/bpoa/boards-commissions/medicine", "nursing_board_url": "https://www.pa.gov/agencies/dos/department-and-offices/bpoa/boards-commissions/nursing", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#pennsylvania", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/pennsylvania" }, { "state": "Rhode Island", "state_code": "RI", "np_authority": "Full", "np_rule": "CNPs diagnose and prescribe independently; only family and adult-gerontology CNPs may work in medical spas", "np_source": "https://storage.aanp.org/www/documents/no-index/state-fact-sheets/Rhode-Island.pdf", "pa_rule": "Collaboration with a physician; the supervision requirement was repealed in 2019", "pa_source": "https://health.ri.gov/sites/g/files/xkgbur1006/files/publications/guidance/Medical-Spa-and-IV-Therapy-Business.pdf", "ownership_posture": "Strict", "ownership_rule": "Unlicensed owners need an ambulatory care facility licence, professional service corporations require licensed owners, and owners cannot control medical judgment", "ownership_source": "https://health.ri.gov/sites/g/files/xkgbur1006/files/publications/guidance/Medical-Spa-and-IV-Therapy-Business.pdf", "injection_rule": "Only physicians, PAs, and family or adult-gerontology CNPs may inject neuromodulators and dermal fillers; the state guidance chart excludes RNs and LPNs", "injection_source": "https://health.ri.gov/sites/g/files/xkgbur1006/files/publications/guidance/Medical-Spa-and-IV-Therapy-Business.pdf", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Required: the practitioner must personally take a history and perform a physical exam; standing orders prohibited and telemedicine-only exams discouraged", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://health.ri.gov/sites/g/files/xkgbur1006/files/publications/guidance/Medical-Spa-and-IV-Therapy-Business.pdf", "coming_change_rule": "Rhode Island's Medical Spas Safety Act took effect 30 June 2025 with implementing regulations due in 2026. Re-check this row once those land", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://health.ri.gov/licensing/physicians", "nursing_board_url": "https://health.ri.gov/licensing/nurses", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#rhode-island", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/rhode-island" }, { "state": "South Carolina", "state_code": "SC", "np_authority": "Restricted", "np_rule": "NPs must hold a written practice agreement with a physician to perform delegated medical acts", "np_source": "https://storage.aanp.org/www/documents/no-index/state-fact-sheets/South-Carolina.pdf", "pa_rule": "Approved primary supervising physician plus scope-of-practice guidelines filed with the board before practising", "pa_source": "https://llr.sc.gov/med/pascope.aspx", "ownership_posture": "Strict", "ownership_rule": "South Carolina case law bars corporations from practising medicine, so practices must be owned and clinically controlled by licensed physicians", "ownership_source": "https://permithealth.com/post/the-corporate-practice-of-medicine-50-state-guide", "injection_rule": "Cosmetic neuromodulator injection is delegable: PAs per their practice guidelines, APRNs per written protocol, RNs only with on-site physician or APRN supervision", "injection_source": "https://www.llr.sc.gov/nurse/PDF/Joint%20AO%20Re%20Neuromodulators%20Including%20Botox%20September%2027%202017.pdf", "good_faith_exam_rule": "A bona fide practitioner-patient relationship is required before injection; telemedicine permitted unless an in-person exam is necessary for diagnosis", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://www.llr.sc.gov/nurse/PDF/Joint%20AO%20Re%20Neuromodulators%20Including%20Botox%20September%2027%202017.pdf", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://llr.sc.gov/med/", "nursing_board_url": "https://llr.sc.gov/nurse/", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#south-carolina", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/south-carolina" }, { "state": "South Dakota", "state_code": "SD", "np_authority": "Full", "np_rule": "NPs may evaluate, diagnose, prescribe and practice independently, with no physician collaborative agreement", "np_source": "https://storage.aanp.org/www/documents/no-index/npos/RHTP-State-Resource-Sheet.pdf", "pa_rule": "Collaborative agreement required under 6,000 practice hours; none required once certified with 6,000+ hours filed", "pa_source": "https://sdbmoe.gov/professions-physician-assistant-pa/", "ownership_posture": "Moderate", "ownership_rule": "South Dakota recognises corporate practice limits by statute and board policy; a professional corporation is required and non-physician ownership is limited", "ownership_source": "https://www.medpathcompliance.com/post/corporate-practice-of-medicine-cpom-50-state-guide", "injection_rule": "RNs and LPNs may give FDA-approved injectables such as neuromodulators but not dermal fillers, under a prescriber's plan of care; LPNs need direct supervision", "injection_source": "https://www.sdbon.org/userfiles/files/DermatologicalProceduresLicensedNurses.pdf", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Treatment must sit within a medically prescribed plan of care ordered and supervised by a physician, NP or PA; telehealth acceptability unverified", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://www.sdbon.org/userfiles/files/DermatologicalProceduresLicensedNurses.pdf", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://sdbmoe.gov/", "nursing_board_url": "https://www.sdbon.org/", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#south-dakota", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/south-dakota" }, { "state": "Tennessee", "state_code": "TN", "np_authority": "Restricted", "np_rule": "NPs need a supervising or collaborating physician with joint written protocols and periodic chart review throughout their career", "np_source": "https://storage.aanp.org/www/documents/no-index/npos/RHTP-State-Resource-Sheet.pdf", "pa_rule": "Supervising physician with jointly developed written protocols, availability for consultation, and periodic chart review", "pa_source": "https://www.tn.gov/health/licensure/me.html", "ownership_posture": "Strict", "ownership_rule": "Medical practices must be wholly physician-owned; NPs, PAs, RNs and lay investors cannot own one, so MSO structures are used", "ownership_source": "https://www.permithealth.com/post/tennessee-corporate-practice-of-medicine-cpom-guide", "injection_rule": "Physicians, NPs and PAs may inject; RNs only under physician delegation with written protocols, defined on-site physician time and prompt chart signing", "injection_source": "https://www.tn.gov/content/dam/tn/health/documents/g6032071.pdf", "good_faith_exam_rule": "No published rule found on the exam that must precede treatment. Confirm with the medical board", "good_faith_exam_source": "", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://www.tn.gov/health/licensure/me.html", "nursing_board_url": "https://www.tn.gov/health/licensure/nurs.html", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#tennessee", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/tennessee" }, { "state": "Texas", "state_code": "TX", "np_authority": "Restricted", "np_rule": "NPs prescribe only through a physician-delegated prescriptive authority agreement; no independent practice or prescribing", "np_source": "https://storage.aanp.org/www/documents/no-index/npos/RHTP-State-Resource-Sheet.pdf", "pa_rule": "Physician supervision plus an executed prescriptive authority agreement", "pa_source": "https://www.tmb.texas.gov/", "ownership_posture": "Strict", "ownership_rule": "Only physicians may own the medical entity, with narrow exceptions such as certified non-profit health organisations; MSO structures are standard", "ownership_source": "https://www.medpathcompliance.com/post/corporate-practice-of-medicine-cpom-50-state-guide", "injection_rule": "Physicians, PAs and APRNs may inject; RNs and other qualified non-physicians only by physician delegation and order, with a physician, PA or APRN on-site or immediately available", "injection_source": "https://www.tmb.texas.gov/", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Required: a physician, PA or APRN must establish the practitioner-patient relationship and order treatment before delegation; telehealth acceptability unverified", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://www.tmb.texas.gov/", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://www.tmb.texas.gov/", "nursing_board_url": "https://www.bon.texas.gov/", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#texas", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/texas" }, { "state": "Utah", "state_code": "UT", "np_authority": "Full", "np_rule": "NPs evaluate, diagnose and prescribe independently under the nursing board with no physician collaboration agreement required", "np_source": "https://storage.aanp.org/www/documents/no-index/npos/RHTP-State-Resource-Sheet.pdf", "pa_rule": "Practice-level collaboration; a collaborating physician is required for the first 10,000 post-graduate hours", "pa_source": "https://codes.findlaw.com/ut/title-58-occupations-and-professions/ut-code-sect-58-70a-307/", "ownership_posture": "Minimal", "ownership_rule": "Utah has no corporate practice of medicine doctrine; non-physicians may own a medical practice, though a professional corporation is typically used", "ownership_source": "https://www.medpathcompliance.com/post/corporate-practice-of-medicine-cpom-50-state-guide", "injection_rule": "Physicians, NPs and PAs may perform or delegate cosmetic medical procedures, with statutory groups of licensees acting under defined supervision levels", "injection_source": "https://codes.findlaw.com/ut/title-58-occupations-and-professions/ut-code-sect-58-1-506", "good_faith_exam_rule": "The supervisor must authorise the procedure for the specific patient; an in-person evaluation is expressly required before tattoo removal", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://codes.findlaw.com/ut/title-58-occupations-and-professions/ut-code-sect-58-1-506", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://dopl.utah.gov/", "nursing_board_url": "https://dopl.utah.gov/", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#utah", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/utah" }, { "state": "Vermont", "state_code": "VT", "np_authority": "Full", "np_rule": "APRNs diagnose and prescribe under the Board of Nursing without an ongoing physician collaboration or supervision agreement", "np_source": "https://storage.aanp.org/www/documents/no-index/npos/RHTP-State-Resource-Sheet.pdf", "pa_rule": "Written practice agreement with a participating physician, filed with the board", "pa_source": "https://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/fullchapter/26/031", "ownership_posture": "Minimal", "ownership_rule": "Vermont has no corporate practice of medicine doctrine and permits non-physician ownership; legislation has been proposed to add restrictions", "ownership_source": "https://www.medpathcompliance.com/post/corporate-practice-of-medicine-cpom-50-state-guide", "injection_rule": "No cosmetic-specific board rule located; physicians, APRNs and PAs may inject, while RN and LPN roles fall under general nursing scope and delegation", "injection_source": "https://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/fullchapter/26/028", "good_faith_exam_rule": "No published rule found on the exam that must precede treatment. Confirm with the medical board", "good_faith_exam_source": "", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://www.healthvermont.gov/systems/board-medical-practice", "nursing_board_url": "https://sos.vermont.gov/nursing/", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#vermont", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/vermont" }, { "state": "Virginia", "state_code": "VA", "np_authority": "Restricted", "np_rule": "Practice agreement with a patient care team physician required unless the NP attests to three years' clinical experience", "np_source": "https://storage.aanp.org/www/documents/no-index/state-fact-sheets/virginia.pdf", "pa_rule": "Practice agreement with a patient care team physician; waivable after three years via board attestation", "pa_source": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title54.1/chapter29/section54.1-2952/", "ownership_posture": "Moderate", "ownership_rule": "Professional corporation shares must be held by licensed practitioners; the boards publish no aesthetics-specific ownership guidance", "ownership_source": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title13.1/chapter7/section13.1-543/", "injection_rule": "Neuromodulators and fillers are prescription drugs requiring a prescriber's order; RNs and LPNs may administer under that order. No board-specific med spa guidance exists", "injection_source": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title54.1/chapter34/section54.1-3408/", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Required: a bona fide practitioner-patient relationship with an appropriate examination; telehealth expressly permitted", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title54.1/chapter33/section54.1-3303/", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://www.dhp.virginia.gov/Boards/Medicine/", "nursing_board_url": "https://www.dhp.virginia.gov/Boards/Nursing/", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#virginia", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/virginia" }, { "state": "Washington", "state_code": "WA", "np_authority": "Full", "np_rule": "NPs evaluate, diagnose, and prescribe autonomously under exclusive Board of Nursing authority; no collaborative agreement required", "np_source": "https://storage.aanp.org/www/documents/no-index/state-fact-sheets/washington.pdf", "pa_rule": "Collaboration agreement required with one or more physicians or the PA's employer", "pa_source": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=18.71A.020", "ownership_posture": "Strict", "ownership_rule": "Professional corporation stock may be issued only to licensed individuals, and Washington also recognises an implied corporate practice ban", "ownership_source": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=18.100", "injection_rule": "A physician must take a history, examine, and diagnose, then may delegate the procedure to a properly trained PA, RN, or LPN", "injection_source": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/WAC/default.aspx?cite=246-919-606", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Required: physician history, physical exam, diagnosis, treatment recommendation and informed consent before any non-surgical medical cosmetic procedure", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/WAC/default.aspx?cite=246-919-606", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://wmc.wa.gov/", "nursing_board_url": "https://nursing.wa.gov/", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#washington", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/washington" }, { "state": "West Virginia", "state_code": "WV", "np_authority": "Reduced", "np_rule": "A collaborative agreement with a physician is required for prescriptive practice during the first three years", "np_source": "https://storage.aanp.org/www/documents/no-index/state-fact-sheets/West-Virginia.pdf", "pa_rule": "Collaborating physician required with practice notification filed with the board; PAs may not practice independently", "pa_source": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/30-3E-9/", "ownership_posture": "Strict", "ownership_rule": "Corporations need a Board of Medicine certificate of authorisation to practice medicine, and shareholders must be licensed physicians or podiatrists", "ownership_source": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/30-3-15/", "injection_rule": "RNs administer medications and treatments as prescribed by a physician, dentist, or APRN; no aesthetics-specific board rule or position statement exists", "injection_source": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/30-7-1/", "good_faith_exam_rule": "No published rule found on the exam that must precede treatment. Confirm with the medical board", "good_faith_exam_source": "", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://wvbom.wv.gov/", "nursing_board_url": "https://wvrnboard.wv.gov/", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#west-virginia", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/west-virginia" }, { "state": "Wisconsin", "state_code": "WI", "np_authority": "Reduced", "np_rule": "NPs must maintain a collaborative relationship with a physician; modernisation legislation takes effect in September 2026", "np_source": "https://storage.aanp.org/www/documents/no-index/state-fact-sheets/wisconsin.pdf", "pa_rule": "Written collaborative agreement with a physician, or employment evidence that a physician directs the PA's professional activities", "pa_source": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/document/statutes/448.975(1)(a)", "ownership_posture": "Moderate", "ownership_rule": "Service corporation shares may be held by any health care professional; the doctrine rests on licensure and fee-splitting rules rather than a bright-line ban", "ownership_source": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/180/xix/1911", "injection_rule": "A physician may delegate injections to a person the physician directs, supervises and inspects; RNs act on orders or protocols within their competence", "injection_source": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/448/ii/03", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Documented patient evaluation required; telehealth acceptable, but a static electronic questionnaire alone is insufficient", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/code/admin_code/med/24", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://dsps.wi.gov/Pages/BoardsCouncils/MEB/Default.aspx", "nursing_board_url": "https://dsps.wi.gov/pages/BoardsCouncils/Nursing/Default.aspx", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#wisconsin", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/wisconsin" }, { "state": "Wyoming", "state_code": "WY", "np_authority": "Full", "np_rule": "NPs evaluate, diagnose, and prescribe under exclusive Board of Nursing authority; no collaborative agreement required", "np_source": "https://storage.aanp.org/www/documents/no-index/state-fact-sheets/wyoming.pdf", "pa_rule": "Optimal Team Practice: the degree of collaboration is determined at the practice level, with no required supervising physician", "pa_source": "https://codes.findlaw.com/wy/title-33-professions-and-occupations/wy-st-sect-33-26-502/", "ownership_posture": "Moderate", "ownership_rule": "All professional corporation shareholders must be and remain licensed in the profession; no state case law or attorney general opinion located", "ownership_source": "https://codes.findlaw.com/wy/title-17-corporations-partnerships-and-associations/wy-st-sect-17-3-104.html", "injection_rule": "Trained, competent RNs may inject neuromodulators and fillers under a prescriber's direction; LPNs may not perform injectable aesthetic procedures; APRNs may order and perform", "injection_source": "https://wsbn.wyo.gov/practice", "good_faith_exam_rule": "Required: the provider performs a documented history and physical and a client-specific treatment plan; telehealth expressly acceptable", "good_faith_exam_source": "https://wsbn.wyo.gov/practice", "coming_change_rule": "", "coming_change_source": "", "medical_board_url": "https://wyomedboard.wyo.gov/", "nursing_board_url": "https://wsbn.wyo.gov/", "reviewed": "30 July 2026", "map_url": "https://eventideaw.com/tools/state-compliance-map#wyoming", "coverage_page_url": "https://eventideaw.com/prescribers/wyoming" } ] }